YDS'de phrasal verbs nasıl çıkar? Phrasal verblar genellikle okuma parçalarında ve kelime sorularında dolaylı olarak test edilir. Akademik metinlerde sıklıkla şu kalıplar görülür: "account for", "result in", "give rise to", "lead to". Bunları bilmek okuma hızını ve doğruluğunu artırır.
📌 Neden / Sonuç Bildiren Phrasal Verbs
Akademik metinlerde en sık kullanılan kategori bu gruptur. Paragraf tamamlama ve okuma sorularında nedensellik ilişkisini kurmak için şarttır.
| Phrasal Verb | Türkçe Anlam | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| account for | açıklamak; oluşturmak | Renewable energy now accounts for 30% of total electricity production. |
| arise from | kaynaklanmak | Many social problems arise from economic inequality. |
| bring about | neden olmak, yol açmak | The industrial revolution brought about major social changes. |
| build up | birikmek, artmak | Pressure built up over several years before the conflict erupted. |
| contribute to | katkıda bulunmak | Multiple factors contribute to climate change. |
| give rise to | yol açmak, doğurmak | The discovery gave rise to a new field of research. |
| lead to | yol açmak, neden olmak | Poor nutrition often leads to developmental delays in children. |
| result from | sonuçlanmak; -den kaynaklanmak | The disease resulted from prolonged exposure to toxins. |
| result in | sonucunu doğurmak | The merger resulted in significant job losses. |
| stem from | kaynaklanmak, ileri gelmek | His anxiety stems from early childhood experiences. |
| trigger | tetiklemek, başlatmak | The report triggered widespread public debate. |
📈 Artış / Azalış Bildiren Phrasal Verbs
| Phrasal Verb | Türkçe Anlam | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| build up | artmak, yoğunlaşmak | Carbon dioxide has been building up in the atmosphere for centuries. |
| cut back on | kısmak, azaltmak | Governments are cutting back on public spending. |
| die down | yatışmak, azalmak | The storm eventually died down after several hours. |
| die out | yok olmak, tükenmek | Many species are dying out due to habitat destruction. |
| dwindle | giderek azalmak | The population of the mountain gorilla continues to dwindle. |
| grow out of | büyüyüp aşmak; -den doğmak | The movement grew out of years of frustration. |
| level off | dengelenmek, sabitlenmek | After rapid growth, the market eventually leveled off. |
| pick up | artmak, iyileşmek; almak | Economic growth started to pick up in the second quarter. |
| scale up | büyütmek, ölçeği artırmak | The company plans to scale up production next year. |
| taper off | yavaş yavaş azalmak | Support for the policy began to taper off. |
| wipe out | yok etmek, ortadan kaldırmak | The disease wiped out entire villages in the 14th century. |
🔍 Araştırma ve Analiz Phrasal Verbs
| Phrasal Verb | Türkçe Anlam | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| break down | parçalamak, çökmek; analiz etmek | The report breaks down the data by region and age group. |
| carry out | gerçekleştirmek, yürütmek | The study was carried out over a period of five years. |
| come up with | bulmak, geliştirmek | The team came up with an innovative solution to the problem. |
| draw on | yararlanmak, başvurmak | The author draws on decades of fieldwork for her conclusions. |
| figure out | anlamak, çözmek | Scientists are still trying to figure out the mechanism. |
| find out | öğrenmek, keşfetmek | The purpose of the study was to find out why the rate had increased. |
| focus on | odaklanmak | The research focuses on the long-term effects of air pollution. |
| look into | incelemek, araştırmak | Authorities are looking into the cause of the accident. |
| point out | işaret etmek, belirtmek | The reviewer pointed out several flaws in the methodology. |
| rule out | dışlamak, olasılığı ortadan kaldırmak | The researchers ruled out other possible explanations. |
| set out | amaçlamak; ortaya koymak | The study sets out to examine the link between sleep and memory. |
| work out | çözmek, bulmak; sonuçlanmak | It took months to work out the cause of the anomaly. |
🔄 Değişim ve Dönüşüm Phrasal Verbs
| Phrasal Verb | Türkçe Anlam | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| break down | bozulmak; yıkılmak | Traditional family structures have been breaking down over decades. |
| break through | atlatmak, çığır açmak | Researchers finally broke through the barrier that had slowed progress. |
| catch up with | yetişmek, yakalamak | Developing nations are catching up with wealthier economies. |
| give way to | yerini bırakmak, dönüşmek | Nomadic lifestyles gave way to settled agriculture. |
| make up | oluşturmak, meydana getirmek | Women make up 52% of the workforce in this sector. |
| phase out | aşamalı olarak kaldırmak | The government plans to phase out coal power by 2035. |
| replace … with | yerini almak | Automation is replacing manual labor with robotic systems. |
| shift from … to | -den -e geçiş yapmak | The economy is shifting from manufacturing to services. |
| take over | devralmak, ele geçirmek | Automation has taken over many routine tasks. |
| turn into | dönüşmek | What began as a local dispute turned into a global crisis. |
🤝 Sosyal / İlişkisel Phrasal Verbs
| Phrasal Verb | Türkçe Anlam | Örnek Cümle |
|---|---|---|
| call for | talep etmek, çağrıda bulunmak | Experts are calling for stronger international cooperation. |
| call off | iptal etmek | The summit was called off due to security concerns. |
| come across | rastlamak; izlenim uyandırmak | She came across an important document in the archive. |
| deal with | ile başa çıkmak, ilgilenmek | The chapter deals with the ethical implications of AI. |
| fall back on | başvurmak, dayandırmak | Without electricity, communities fell back on traditional methods. |
| get rid of | kurtulmak, elden çıkarmak | The organization is trying to get rid of bureaucratic inefficiencies. |
| go along with | kabul etmek, uymak | Not everyone went along with the proposed changes. |
| make up for | telafi etmek | Extra sessions were held to make up for lost time. |
| put forward | öne sürmek, ileri atmak | A new theory was put forward to explain the anomaly. |
| rely on | güvenmek, dayanmak | Developing economies often rely on foreign aid. |
| stand for | temsil etmek; kabul etmek | The acronym stands for Gross Domestic Product. |
| take into account | göz önünde bulundurmak | The study takes several variables into account. |
💡 YDS'de Phrasal Verb Stratejisi
Dikkat: Phrasal verbların bazıları bağlama göre farklı anlamlar taşır. Örneğin "break down" hem "bozulmak/çökmek" hem "analiz etmek/parçalara ayırmak" anlamına gelir. Her zaman cümlenin bağlamına bak.
Sinonim ile öğren
YDS soruları genellikle tek kelimelik sinonim ile sınar: "give rise to" = generate, produce, cause. Phrasal verbı tek kelimelik eşdeğeriyle birlikte öğren.
Kategori bazında grupla
"Nedensellik", "Değişim", "Araştırma" gibi kategorilere göre öğrenmek, okuma pasajlarında bağlam kurmanı kolaylaştırır.
Pasif yapıları da öğren
Akademik metinlerde phrasal verblar sıkça pasif çatıda gelir: "The study was carried out…", "The policy was phased out…". Pasif formlarını tanı.